The body is elongated, dorsoventrally flattened and ribbonlike. Humans act as the definitive host and harbour the adult tapeworm in the small intestine. The restellum resembles the conventional figures of the sun, hence the name solium. Geographical distribution of taenia asiatica and related. One is due to eating undercooked pork that contains the cysts and results in adult worms in the intestines. Taenia asiatica is limited to asia and is seen mostly in the republic of korea, china, taiwan, indonesia, and thailand. Epidemiological tools for effective surveillance of. This infection type is called taeniasis and is often asymptomatic. Sep 18, 2017 this study aimed to map the occurrence of taenia solium taeniosiscysticercosis at national level within central america and the caribbean basin, and to map the distribution of porcine cysticercosis at firstlevel administrative subdivision level department level and the porcine population at risk. Cysticercosis is an infection of both humans and pigs with the larval stages of the parasitic cestode, taenia. Prevention of cysticercosis includes the prompt identification and removal of adult infections to eliminate the possibility of autoinfection.
Taeniasis develops when the adult tapeworm infests the human intestine. The pork tapeworm, taenia solium, is the most harmful tapeworm in humans. It is a major public health problem because of the high proportion of seizure cases in endemic areas which are caused by nervous system infection with the larval stage neurocysticercosis, ncc garcia and del brutto, 2005. Humans are the only definitive hosts for these three species. Cats with access to infected house or outdoor mice and rats also can acquire taenia taeniaeformis. Man is the primary or definitive host, the secondary host for t. The structure and life cycle of taenia with diagram. If larvae are ingested, they mature into adults in the small intestine. Taenia solium infection and the resulting disease neurocysticercosis are endemic in less developed countries where pigs are raised as a food source. Diagnostic tools for taenia solium leslie js harrison stakeholder meeting on taenia solium taeniasiscysticercosis diagnostic tools, who, geneva, december 2015. Pig cow acts as intermediate host and harbour the larval stage.
Taenia species taenia solium name synonyms cysticercus cellulosae gmelin, 1790 homonyms taenia solium linnaeus, 1758 common names schweinebandwurm in german svineb. Taenia solium the common name for taenia solium is pork tapeworm i. The only known final host for this adult stage is humans, specifically in the small intestine. Taenia saginata does not cause cysticercosis in humans. The zoonotic tapeworm taenia solium causing taeniosis in humans and cysticercosis in both pigs and humans is presumed to be widely distributed across areas of low and middleincome countries where sanitation is insufficient and pigs are kept in extensive production systems. Typically, adult tapeworm does not produce eggs in stool taeniasis for 8 12 weeks. The larvae mature in about 2 months to adult worms that can live for several years. Learn vocabulary, terms, and more with flashcards, games, and other study tools.
Sciutto e, morales j, martinez jj, toledo a, villalobos mn, cruzrevilla c, et al. Ppt taenia solium taeniasis cysticercosis powerpoint. Several studies have been performed to determine specific antigens for the diagnosis of tapeworms. Taenia solium infection is acquired either from human feces that contains taenia solium eggs or from uncooked pork which contains larval cysts.
In africa, the taenia solium is a tapeworm responsible of tapeworm was identified in. Taeniasis is the infection of humans with the adult tapeworm of taenia saginata, t. Humans are the definitive hosts for taenia solium the pork tapeworm and t. The adult worm cestode occurs in the small intestine of humans. Taeniasis chapter 4 2020 yellow book travelers health. Mapping occurrence of taenia solium taeniosiscysticercosis.
It is found throughout the world and is most common in countries where pork is eaten. Latin, taenia, ribbon, tape parasitology a genus of large segmented, with each segment or proglottid capable of producing eggs tapewormscestodesthat parasitize mammalian gi tracts epidemiology infestation is linked to consumption of raw porkt solium or beeft saginata. Cestodes taenia saginata and taenia solium flashcards. The adult taenia solium, the pork tapeworm, usually lives as a single worm in the small intestine of humans, its only known definitive host. Rtpcr evaluated for taenia detection taenia solium, the pork tapeworm, and the cause of neurocysticercosis ncc, has significant socioeconomic impacts on communities in developing countries. Taenia solium slideshare uses cookies to improve functionality and performance, and to provide you with relevant advertising. Infection with taenia solium adults is usually asymptomatic. Taenia echinococcus definition of taenia echinococcus by. Taenia solium belongs to the family taeniidae, which includes three parasites affecting humans.
Taenia saginata beef tapeworm infection infectious. Taenia solium taeniasis is seen in the united states, typically among latin american immigrants. Such animals still may acquire dipylidium caninum the doublepored dog tapeworm by ingesting fleas during grooming. Taeniasis is often asymptomatic, but one consistent diagnostic feature is the passing of proglottids through. Start studying cestodes taenia saginata and taenia solium. It is the most common parasitic disease of the central nervous system and endemic in our country 1,2. The original description of this tapeworm was based.
Geographical distribution of taenia asiatica and related species. Taenia solium causes two different diseases taeniasis and cysticercosis. What are the characteristics of a taenia soliums life. The scolex is roughly quadrate, with a diameter of about 1mm, has four large, deeply cupped suckers and a conspicuous, rounded rostellum, armed with a double row of large and small hooks, numbering 22 to 36 and measuring 140 to 200 um and 100 to. Pig natural intermediate host, man accidental intermediate host and very exceptionally the dog definitive host. The cestodes tapeworms taenia saginata beef tapeworm and t. Taenia solium cysticercosis the lessons of history. General recognition features scolex has four suckers with a rostellum that has a double circle of alternating large and small hooks 2236 proglottid is smaller than t saginata and has 7 lateral branches off the central uterus. Taenia solium cysticercosispork tapeworm flashcards. Pdf taenia solium and taenia saginata researchgate. The definitive host human passes eggs and gravid proglottids from the mature tapeworm in its small intestine through feces the intermediate host pig ingests food contaminated with feces, and therefore, the eggs and proglottids. The most important health problem is infection by the cysticerci, cysticercosis. The main symptom is often the passage passive of proglottids.
Proper sanitation and hygiene can prevent the occurrence of eggs in the environment that could lead to cysticercosis. Cestodes taenia solium north dakota department of health. General provisions infection with taenia solium is a zoonotic parasitic infection of pigs. Introduction different areas in developing countries. Infection by taenia solium adults can be prevented by fully cooking pork before eating it. Taenia solium can also cause cysticercosis life cycle. Except the adult, various stages of its life history are passed in the body of secondary host. One of these antigens is tso31, which is used to differentiate taenia solium and taenia saginata. Aug 16, 2003 taenia solium infection and the resulting disease neurocysticercosis are endemic in less developed countries where pigs are raised as a food source. Taenia solium infection has been recognized since biblical times and the parasite life cycle has been identified by the 1850s. This disease, along with taeniasis is estimated to infect 2. Pdf s and list of publications there are many examples of various reagents etc. Pig herds in these systems consist of less than 10 pigs that are usually unconfined with scavenging supplemented. If you continue browsing the site, you agree to the use of cookies on this website.
Feb 11, 2016 cysticercosis is an infectious disease that is caused by the larvae of taenia solium. Taenia solium is the pork tapeworm, a tapeworm belonging to the cyclophyllid cestode family. It is also called tapeworm as the shape of the body is like a tape. The armed scolex may cause some inflammation of the intestinal wall, and rarely may penetrate the intestine, causing peritonitis. Taenia solium taeniosiscysticercosis one health commission.
It is worldwide in distribution the infection is common amongst those eating raw or insufficiently cooked measly pork. The most important feature of taenia solium taeniasis is the risk of development of cysticercosis. The scolex is roughly quadrate, with a diameter of about 1mm, has four large, deeply cupped suckers and a conspicuous, rounded rostellum, armed with a double row of large and small hooks, numbering 22 to 36 and measuring 140 to 200 um and 100 to 150 um, respectively, in length. Jun 29, 2014 taenia solium slideshare uses cookies to improve functionality and performance, and to provide you with relevant advertising. Details on the taenia solium life cycle, transmission, and diagnosis can be found in chapter 26. In certain parts of the world eg, india, the middle east, north africa, southeast asia. We report a case of 42 year old male who presented with complaints of weakness of bilateral. Read this article to learn learn about the structure and life cycle of taenia. Eating raw or undercooked contaminated pork or beef. This chapter will discuss only neurocysticercosis associated with eosinophilic meningitis. One is due to eating undercooked pork that contains the. During taeniasis, a cysticercus from uncooked meat develops into an adult tapeworm, which attaches to the intestinal wall in the small intestine via its scolex and remains there to grow. Oncospheres hatch from the eggs and move through the intestinal wall and into the circulatory system. International commission on zoological nomenclature.
Taenia solium taeniasis is less frequently symptomatic than taenia saginata taeniasis. Pdf genetic variation in taenia solium researchgate. Cysticercosis is an infectious disease that is caused by the larvae of taenia solium. Goussanou jse, kpodekon mt, youssao aki, farougou s and korsak n 2014 epidemiological tools for effective surveillance of porcine cysticercosis in africa, veterinary world 73. Diagnostic tools for taenia solium and taenia saginata. Taenia solium cysticercosispork tapeworm flashcards quizlet. An update of versters 1969 taxonomic revision of the genus taenia linnaeus cestoda in table format. Infection with taenia solium is a zoonotic parasitic infection of pigs. Any diagnosis of taeniasis or cysticercosis should be accompanied by a ct scan and mri to determine whether or not there are cysticerci in nervous or ocular tissue human back and buttocks exhibiting cysticercosis. What are the characteristics of a taenia soliums life cycle.
Cestodes taenia saginata and taenia solium quizlet. Taeniasis has been reported at lower rates in eastern europe, spain, and portugal. Pathology outlines taenia solium neurocysticercosis. Dogs as alternative intermediate hosts of taenia solium in papua irian jaya, indonesia confirmed by highly specific elisa and immunoblot using native and recombinant antigens and mitochondrial dna analysis. This zoonotic parasite is believed to be widely endemic across most of latin america. Taeniasis is the infection of humans with the adult tapeworm of taenia saginata or taenia solium. General recognition features scolex has four suckers with a rostellum that has a double circle of alternating large and small hooks 2236 proglottid is smaller than t saginata and has. Any diagnosis of taeniasis or cysticercosis should be accompanied by a ct scan and mri to determine whether or not there are cysticerci in nervous or ocular tissue. Taenia solium, the pork tapeworm of man, as adult lives in the intestine of man leading an endoparasitic life. It usually causes no symptoms but the host becomes a continuous source of taenia eggs in the feces which may contaminate food. Feb 01, 2017 direct quote from the cdccdc taeniasis biology.
Taenia solium is the pork tapeworm, a tapeworm belonging to the cyclophyllid cestode family taeniidae. The highest incidence of cryptosporidium was found in both groups with abdominal discomfort. Taenia solium is the cause of neurocysticercosis, which has several forms including parenchymal, subarachnoid, ventricular, and spinal forms. Distribution of taenia solium infection, worldwide. Taenia solium, the pork tapeworm, is endemic in most developing countries as well as in developed nations with a high influx of immigrants from endemic areas fig. The highest prevalences are in latin america, africa, and south and southeast asia. Opinion 272, designation, under the plenary powers, of a type species for the genus. Infected humans definitive host excrete the eggs or gravid proglottids in their feces, passing the parasite from the gastrointestinal tract onto nearby vegetation. The adults are 35m in length, have a scolex, and several rows of hooks.
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